Published by Fair Carbon, this policy brief assesses blue carbon readiness across regions, identifying policy, institutional and financing conditions needed to scale high-integrity mangrove and coastal wetland credits, strengthen safeguards, and mobilise investment aligned with national climate and development goals.
ICVCM’s report assesses progress in implementing the Core Carbon Principles, showing how CCP-approved programs and methodologies are strengthening market integrity, restoring buyer confidence, and supporting alignment between voluntary markets, national policies and Article 6.
IETA’s report provides a detailed overview of compliance and voluntary carbon markets in 2025. It reviews Article 6 readiness, ETS growth, CORSIA’s first operational phase, evolving VCM demand signals and the rise of high-integrity credits. The report analyses governance gaps, data and registry interoperability, legal clarity and digital MRV as critical enablers of scale. It highlights how emerging policy frameworks and corporate demand are driving a new phase of integration across global carbon markets.
Published by AFD, this briefing examines the structural complexity of carbon credits and the institutional factors shaping carbon market integrity. It details technical risks, additionality, permanence, over-crediting, leakage and double counting, and how information asymmetry affects credit quality. The paper reviews ICVCM, VCMI, Article 6 and registry reforms, arguing that alignment with NDCs, legal clarity and transparent infrastructure are essential for a high-integrity VCM.
This UNFCCC draft decision text sets out updated rules for Article 6.4 ahead of CMA7, including baselines, non-permanence, reversals, leakage, stakeholder engagement, sustainable development safeguards and issuance. It outlines governance requirements that shape eligibility and integrity for nature-based and other crediting activities across markets.
This UNFCCC draft CMA7 decision text outlines updated guidance for implementing Article 6.2 cooperative approaches. It provides detailed rules on authorisation of mitigation outcomes, reporting and tracking obligations, review processes, registries, corresponding adjustments and transparency requirements. The text defines how participating Parties must account for internationally transferred mitigation outcomes (ITMOs) and clarifies interfaces with national inventory systems. The draft also has implications for alignment between Article 6 mechanisms and the VCM, particularly on authorisation, double counting and reporting integrity.
This UNDP toolkit provides practical guidance for countries establishing high-integrity participation in carbon markets. It covers legal and institutional readiness, safeguards, MRV systems, Article 6 alignment, crediting programme participation and claim governance. It includes tools on stakeholder engagement, transparency, data systems and integrating market approaches into national climate strategies.
Published by VCMI and partners, this guide sets out practical steps for developing high-integrity carbon projects in the Brazilian Amazon. It explains Brazil’s federal and state rules, clarifies land tenure and carbon rights, and details requirements on FPIC, benefit sharing, safeguards, MRV and contracting so projects align with national law and international integrity standards.
Published by Nature4Climate and Arboretica, this fifth edition uses AI-assisted analysis to assess more than 1,500 NbS-related policies across 190 countries that help shape enabling conditions for high-integrity nature-based credits. It reviews legal frameworks, financing, safeguards, MRV systems, adaptation integration and IPLC recognition, identifying gaps that affect credit quality, risk, permanence and project legitimacy. The report underscores the need for stronger national policy environments to support credible, durable NbS project development across both VCM and Article 6 pathways.
ClimateWorks Foundation report analyses philanthropic funding for climate adaptation and resilience across 40 foundations, showing a 120% increase since 2021. It highlights sector and regional trends, funding gaps and the importance of locally led adaptation and collaborative learning.