Google and WRI’s working paper outlines how AI can support nature action through improved biodiversity monitoring, habitat mapping and risk detection. It also highlights data governance, bias, privacy and equity challenges that require strong safeguards.
IETA’s policy paper sets out key issues for carbon markets at COP30, covering implementation challenges under Articles 6.2 and 6.4, early findings from Technical Expert Reviews, and ongoing debates on permanence, authorisation and MCUs. It reviews CDM transition progress, highlights non-negotiated initiatives such as the TFFF, AAA6 and CGCM Shared Principles, and links market alignment to the Baku-to-Belém climate-finance roadmap and the new NCQG.
Published by IETA and PwC, this sentiment survey examines expectations across ETS, CBAM, CORSIA, Article 6 and the voluntary carbon market. It finds cautious optimism, persistent uncertainty on timelines and governance, and convergence around integrity, transparency and long-term price signals heading toward 2030.
A CI-Rare-NCMA deep dive mapping non-carbon market approaches for blue carbon ecosystems. It sets out how coastal NbS can mobilize finance beyond credit sales through policy, blended finance, and performance-based tools, and details the institutional, social and financial enabling conditions needed for success
A realist literature review commissioned by FSD Africa and FCDO assessing social, economic, and environmental impacts of carbon markets in LMICs. It finds that inclusive governance, upfront finance, and higher carbon prices drive better outcomes for communities, while poor design and low prices heighten risks.
FAO’s 2025 Global Forest Resources Assessment shows forests still cover 4.14 billion ha, 32% of Earth’s land, but nearly 11 million ha are lost each year. The rate of deforestation is slowing, while restoration and protected areas expand, offering mixed progress toward global forest and climate goals.
Authored by Alvaro Vallejo, this report consolidates current thinking, market data, and emerging standards for voluntary biodiversity credits, mapping methodologies, governance, verification, and market design features shaping credible, investable nature-positive outcomes.
Published by Forest Trends, this landscape report maps finance architecture affecting IPLCs, identifies barriers to access and accountability, and compiles tools and data portals to improve transparency, direct access, rights safeguards and equitable benefit-sharing in climate and conservation finance.
The report by UNEP benchmarks current flows against needs and finds a large annual gap to 2030. It proposes unlocking capital through clear national rules (including Article 6 readiness), integrity standards, and pipelines that blend public instruments with private demand from VCM/compliance markets. Case references show how registry, MRV and safeguards architecture, paired with de-risking tools, can mobilise scaled, durable investment aligned with climate and biodiversity goals.
Published by UNEP, this analysis maps tropical “high-risk forests” where protection yields the greatest combined returns for people and climate, quantifying services for water, food, hazard mitigation and livelihoods to guide where finance and policy should prioritise action.